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chmod 755 Explained

rwxr-xr-x

chmod 755 is the standard Unix and Linux permission mode for executable scripts, compiled applications, and public web directories. It provides full control to the owner while granting read and execute permissions to everyone else.

Interactive chmod 755 Calculator

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Ready-to-run Linux command
chmod 755 filename

Permission Checkbox Matrix

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User / Owner (u)
File creator / owner
Total:7
Group (g)
Assigned user group
Total:5
Others / Public (o)
All other system users
Total:5
4thAdvanced / Special Permissions (SUID, SGID, Sticky Bit)
Dynamic Permission Translation
Owner:Read, Write, Execute (Full access)
Group:Read, Execute
Others:Read, Execute
File vs Directory Semantics

For Files: x allows binary or script execution.
For Directories: x is the search/traverse bit, required to cd into the directory and access inner files. Without directory execute, users cannot open subdirectories even with read rights!

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Bit Breakdown for 755

Owner (7)
4 + 2 + 1 = 7
rwx (Read, Write, Exec)
Group (5)
4 + 0 + 1 = 5
r-x (Read, Exec)
Others (5)
4 + 0 + 1 = 5
r-x (Read, Exec)

When to Use chmod 755

  • Web Server Folders: Public HTML directories such as /var/www/html require 755 so that the web server daemon (www-data, nginx, or apache) can enter and serve assets.
  • Shell & Python Scripts: Any CLI script that multiple users need to execute without being able to modify or tamper with the script logic.
  • Shared Binaries: Custom binaries installed in /usr/local/bin or project bin directories.

Practical Command Examples

// Make a bash script executable by owner and readable by all
chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/backup.sh
// Apply 755 recursively only to all directories under /var/www
find /var/www/html -type d -exec chmod 755 {} +

Difference Between chmod 755 and chmod 644

The fundamental difference is the execute permission (1). With 755, everyone can execute the file or traverse the folder. With 644, no one has execute rights; only reading and editing are permitted.

Read the full chmod 644 guide →Why 777 is dangerous compared to 755 →